The Law School Admission Test (LSAT) and the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) are two prominent standardized tests used for graduate admissions. While the LSAT is required for admission to law schools, the GMAT is used primarily for admission to business schools, particularly MBA programs. Both tests assess a range of skills, but they differ significantly in content, structure, and the types of skills they emphasize.
Test Structure
LSAT Structure
The LSAT is composed of several sections designed to assess logical reasoning, analytical reasoning, reading comprehension, and writing skills. The test is divided into five 35-minute sections, one of which is an unscored experimental section used to pretest new questions. The sections include:
- Logical Reasoning (Arguments)
- Analytical Reasoning (Logic Games)
- Reading Comprehension
- Unscored Experimental Section
- Writing Sample (unscored)
GMAT Structure
The GMAT consists of four main sections, each designed to evaluate specific skills relevant to business and management studies. The test is computer-adaptive, meaning the difficulty of questions adjusts based on the test-taker’s performance. The sections include:
- Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA)
- Integrated Reasoning (IR)
- Quantitative Reasoning
- Verbal Reasoning
Content Areas
LSAT Content
Logical Reasoning
This section tests the ability to analyze and evaluate arguments. Questions are based on short passages and require test-takers to identify assumptions, draw conclusions, and assess the strength of reasoning.
Analytical Reasoning
Also known as Logic Games, this section assesses the ability to understand and manipulate logical relationships. Test-takers are presented with scenarios involving grouping, sequencing, or matching, and must solve problems based on given rules and conditions.
Reading Comprehension
This section measures the ability to read and understand complex texts. Passages cover various subjects, and questions test comprehension, inference, and the ability to analyze the structure and main ideas of the text.
Writing Sample
Although unscored, the writing sample is an important part of the LSAT. Test-takers must write an essay based on a given prompt, demonstrating their ability to construct a coherent argument and express ideas clearly.
GMAT Content
Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA)
The AWA section requires test-takers to write an essay analyzing an argument. This section evaluates critical thinking and the ability to communicate ideas effectively in writing.
Integrated Reasoning (IR)
The IR section tests the ability to analyze and interpret data from multiple sources. It includes questions involving graphics interpretation, multi-source reasoning, two-part analysis, and table analysis.
Quantitative Reasoning
This section measures mathematical skills and the ability to reason quantitatively. It includes problem-solving and data sufficiency questions, covering topics such as algebra, geometry, and arithmetic.
Verbal Reasoning
The verbal section assesses reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and sentence correction. Test-takers must demonstrate the ability to understand and analyze written material, evaluate arguments, and correct grammatical errors.
Scoring
LSAT Scoring
According to Wilsonlsat.com, the LSAT score ranges from 120 to 180, with each scored section contributing to the total score. The unscored experimental section does not affect the final score. The writing sample is not scored but is sent to law schools as part of the candidate’s application.
GMAT Scoring
The GMAT score ranges from 200 to 800, with separate scores for each section:
- Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA): Scored on a scale of 0 to 6.
- Integrated Reasoning (IR): Scored on a scale of 1 to 8.
- Quantitative Reasoning: Scored on a scale of 0 to 60.
- Verbal Reasoning: Scored on a scale of 0 to 60.
The total GMAT score is a combination of the Quantitative and Verbal sections.
Preparation Strategies
LSAT Preparation
Study Materials
Preparation for the LSAT typically involves using official LSAC materials, including previously administered tests, prep books, and online resources. Many test-takers also enroll in prep courses offered by companies like Kaplan, Princeton Review, or private tutors.
Practice Tests
Taking timed practice tests is crucial for building familiarity with the test format and timing. Reviewing incorrect answers and understanding mistakes is essential for improvement.
Analytical Practice
Given the emphasis on logical reasoning and analytical skills, practicing logic games and argument analysis is vital. Developing strategies for diagramming and breaking down complex problems can be beneficial.
GMAT Preparation
Study Materials
GMAT preparation often involves a combination of official GMAC materials, prep books, online resources, and prep courses from companies like Manhattan Prep, Veritas Prep, and others.
Practice Tests
Taking computer-adaptive practice tests helps build familiarity with the test’s format and timing. Analyzing performance on practice tests is important for identifying strengths and weaknesses.
Quantitative and Verbal Skills
Given the GMAT’s emphasis on quantitative and verbal reasoning, focused practice in these areas is essential. Strengthening math skills, reading comprehension, and grammar knowledge can significantly impact scores.
Relevance in Graduate Admissions
LSAT Relevance
Law School Admissions
The LSAT is a critical component of law school admissions. Law schools use LSAT scores to assess applicants’ readiness for the rigors of legal education. A high LSAT score can enhance an applicant’s chances of admission to competitive programs and may also impact scholarship opportunities.
Skills Assessed
The LSAT evaluates skills directly relevant to legal studies, such as logical reasoning, analytical thinking, and reading comprehension. These skills are essential for success in law school and legal practice.
GMAT Relevance
Business School Admissions
The GMAT is a key factor in business school admissions. MBA programs use GMAT scores to evaluate candidates’ readiness for graduate-level business studies. A strong GMAT score can improve admission prospects and may influence scholarship decisions.
Skills Assessed
The GMAT assesses skills important for business and management, including quantitative reasoning, analytical writing, data interpretation, and verbal reasoning. These skills are crucial for success in business school and professional management roles.
Test Day Experience
LSAT Test Day
Test Environment
The LSAT is typically administered at designated test centers under strict conditions. Test-takers are required to arrive early, bring necessary identification, and adhere to test center rules. The test is conducted in a proctored environment to ensure security and integrity.
Breaks
There is a short break between the second and third sections of the LSAT. Test-takers can use this time to refresh and prepare for the remaining sections.
GMAT Test Day
Test Environment
The GMAT is administered at Pearson VUE test centers, which provide a secure and controlled testing environment. Test-takers must follow specific procedures for check-in and identification verification.
Breaks
The GMAT includes optional breaks. Test-takers can take a break after the Integrated Reasoning section and another after the Quantitative section. Managing break time effectively is important to maintain focus and energy throughout the test.
Cost and Availability
LSAT Cost
The LSAT registration fee is typically around $200, though fees may vary slightly based on location and additional services, such as score reports or test date changes. Fee waivers are available for eligible candidates to help offset costs.
GMAT Cost
The GMAT registration fee is generally around $250. Additional costs may be incurred for rescheduling the test, sending additional score reports, or purchasing preparation materials. Fee waivers may be available for candidates with financial need.
Frequency and Retake Policy
LSAT Frequency and Retake Policy
The LSAT is offered multiple times a year, usually around seven to nine times. Candidates can take the LSAT up to three times in a single testing year (June 1 to May 31), five times within the current and five past testing years, and a total of seven times over a lifetime.
GMAT Frequency and Retake Policy
The GMAT can be taken up to five times in a rolling 12-month period and no more than eight times in total. There is a 16-day waiting period between test attempts. Test-takers can choose which scores to send to schools, allowing them to retake the test to improve their scores.
Admissions Strategy
LSAT Admissions Strategy
Application Timing
Given the competitive nature of law school admissions, applying early can be advantageous. Many law schools have rolling admissions, so submitting applications as early as possible can improve the chances of admission.
Balancing Scores and GPA
While the LSAT score is a crucial component, law schools also consider undergraduate GPA, personal statements, letters of recommendation, and relevant experience. A strong overall application can complement a competitive LSAT score.
GMAT Admissions Strategy
Application Timing
MBA programs also often operate on rolling admissions or have multiple rounds of applications. Applying in the first or second round can increase the likelihood of admission and access to scholarships.
Holistic Review
Business schools conduct a holistic review of applications, considering GMAT scores, undergraduate GPA, work experience, essays, letters of recommendation, and interviews. A well-rounded application can enhance the chances of admission to top programs.
Conclusion
The LSAT and GMAT are essential tests for law and business school admissions, respectively. Each test assesses a unique set of skills tailored to the demands of legal and business education. Understanding the differences in test structure, content, scoring, and relevance can help prospective students make informed decisions about which test to take based on their academic and career goals. Preparation strategies should be tailored to the specific requirements of each test to maximize performance and improve admission prospects.